How to Choose Between 2D and 3D Galvo Scanners for Laser Marking Applications

What is a Galvo Scanner in Laser Marking?

A Galvo Scanner is a high-speed beam positioning device commonly used in laser marking systems. It uses galvanometer-driven mirrors to direct the laser beam across the workpiece. Unlike mechanical movement systems, Galvo Scanners enable non-contact, rapid scanning—making them ideal for high-speed, high-precision applications such as engraving, marking, and cutting.

2D Galvo Scanner – Efficient Flat Surface Laser Marking

A 2D Galvo Scanner controls the X and Y axes of the laser beam and is widely used for marking on flat surfaces. These systems offer:

• Fast marking speed up to several meters per second

• High repeatability and stability

• Ideal for text, barcodes, QR codes, serial numbers, and logos

• Compatible with most laser marking applications on metals and plastics

Whether you’re working with a fiber laser, CO₂ laser, or UV laser, the 2D Galvo Scanner remains the industry standard for flat field marking.

3D Galvo Scanner – Advanced Marking on Curved and Uneven Surfaces

The 3D Galvo Scanner adds control over the Z-axis, enabling dynamic focus adjustment during the laser process. This allows:

• Laser marking on curved or uneven surfaces (like bottles, tools, or medical components)

• Depth engraving without physically moving the workpiece

• Accurate focus over a larger field size using F-theta lenses or dynamic focusing modules

• Compatible with high-power lasers for 3D texturing and etching

3D scanning systems are often paired with 3D laser marking software for auto-height detection and correction.

Key Differences Between 2D and 3D Galvo Scanners

Applications of Galvo Scanners in Laser Marking

Both 2D and 3D Galvo Scanners are widely used in:

• Industrial Manufacturing – traceability codes, logos, batch numbers

• Electronics Industry – chip coding, battery labeling, PCB marking

• Jewelry & Tools – deep engraving and fine branding

• Packaging – marking on curved plastic or glass bottles

• Medical Devices – non-contact marking on irregular surfaces

FAQ – Galvo Scanner & Laser Marking

Q1: What does a Galvo Scanner do in a laser marking machine?
A1: A Galvo Scanner controls the direction of the laser beam using mirrors driven by galvanometer motors. It ensures fast, precise movement of the laser without mechanical contact.

Q2: What’s the main difference between a 2D and a 3D Galvo Scanner?
A2: A 2D Galvo Scanner works on flat surfaces (X and Y axis), while a 3D Galvo Scanner adds Z-axis control, enabling marking on curved or stepped surfaces.

Q3: Can I use a 3D Galvo Scanner for flat surfaces?
A3: Yes, a 3D Galvo Scanner can handle flat surfaces too, but it offers additional functionality for depth and uneven surfaces.

Q4: Which industries benefit most from 3D Galvo Scanners?
A4: Industries such as medical devices, aerospace, automotive parts, and luxury packaging benefit most due to the need for marking curved or textured surfaces.

Q5: What software is used with Galvo Scanners?
A5: EZCAD2 is commonly used with 2D Galvo Scanners, while EZCAD3 is designed for 3D Galvo control, especially in JCZ’s DLC controller series.

Conclusion – Which Galvo Scanner Should You Choose?

If your laser marking task involves only flat surfaces, a 2D Galvo Scanner is cost-effective and reliable. However, for complex marking requirements—such as cylinders, angled parts, or variable focus depth—a 3D Galvo Scanner is essential.

Investing in the right scanner ensures higher marking precision, faster throughput, and long-term versatility in your laser marking system.

Looking for a premium Galvo solution?
Explore our full range of Galvo Scanners compatible with fiber, CO₂, and UV lasers. Contact us now to learn how our EZCAD-powered JCZ control systems optimize your marking accuracy and speed.